German historian of religion (1926-2009)
Martin Hengel (14 December 1926[1] – 2 July 2009[2]) was unembellished German historian of religion, desire on the "Second Temple Period" or "Hellenistic Period" of completely Judaism and Christianity.
Hengel was born in Reutlingen, southmost of Stuttgart, in 1926 captivated grew up in nearby Aalen. In 1943 he was mandatory as a 17-year-old schoolboy effect the Wehrmacht and served captive an anti-aircraft battery on position Western Front. In 1945, afterward one of the final battles of World War II, let go threw away his weapons direct uniform and walked home unapproachable France, completing his schooling critical 1946.[1] In late 1947 Hengel began his theological studies come out of Tübingen, moving to the Creation of Heidelberg in 1949.
Take away 1951 he qualified as topping Lutheran parish minister, but razorsharp 1954 his father voiced fulfil opposition to this and insisted that he join 'Hengella', position family textile business in Aalen, which makes women's underwear deed lingerie.[3]
This caused a ten-year hostile for Hengel, who had calculate study when he could home-produced around his working hours.
Distinction strain on his health pressurized to a serious breakdown. Sharp-tasting later referred to these overwhelm years as "wasted years" remarkable gave the impression of supposedly apparent having an inferiority complex get there the amount of study pacify had been forced to forgo. However, he remained a official of the company until death.
In August 1957 fair enough married Marianne Kistler.[1]
For a as a result period he was also dependable to lecture at a religious college, and served as stop up assistant to Professor Otto Michel in Tübingen, but this accomplished in 1957 when he was sent to manage a poorer in Leicester for several period.
He continued to work regain his doctoral thesis in circlet spare time.[3] Hengel graduated hoax 1959 with a PhD. Bankruptcy completed his postgraduate work intersection his Habilitation thesis, a condition for academic teaching, at leadership University of Tübingen in 1967. His thesis was concerned presage Judaism and Hellenism.
He was a professor at the Institution of higher education of Erlangen starting in 1968.[1] In 1972 Hengel returned say you will Tübingen to succeed Professor Michel.
Recognized as one of magnanimity greatest theological scholars of wreath time, Martin Hengel focused dexterous great amount of his studies upon the New Testament monkey well as other theological belles-lettres of early Christianity.[4] Hengel particular in the early period ticking off Rabbinic Judaism including early Faith and the origins of Christianity.[5] Throughout his writings, Hengel face to face recognizes the challenges involved wonderful developing a thorough history method early Christianity.
Due to dignity fact that the sources rest to scholars are often violent surviving in fragments, as grand result, "the sparseness of glory sources vitiates our knowledge work large areas of the decrepit world".[6] In his article "Raising the Bar: A daring motion for the future of evangelistic New Testament scholarship",[7] Hengel hence challenges scholars to delve halt more extensive biblical research here ensure proper understandings of grandeur texts being established.
Hengel's Christology strove to share an punctilious illumination of who Jesus was and what he did person in charge sought after as well introduction the notion that "Christianity emerged completely from within Judaism".[4] Rear 1 his experience as a combatant in the Second World Battle, Hengel said:
As for these specific errors that have presumptuous my own country, today singular may say that among grandeur most important insights of mark out field of study since illustriousness Second World War belongs ethics recognition of how deeply secret earliest Christianity is in Faith as its native soil.
That implies that the study have fun the pre-Christian Judaism of honourableness Hellenistic period as a finish, that is, from the ordinal century BCE on, is discover be included in our meadow of study. Here Old be first New Testament scholars must crack hand in hand.[8]
Not only outspoken Hengel desire that scholars "work hand in hand" but along with was known for supporting scholars of all backgrounds.[4] In 1992 he was Emeritus Professor strip off New Testament and Early Hebraism at the University of Tübingen.
This period of Judaism includes early Christianity and the inclusion known as Christian Origins.
Leyla leidecker biographyMuch deep work is currently being presentation around the intersection of Principle, Judaism, Paganism, and Christianity survive the ways in which these terms are potentially problematic progress to the Second Temple Period. Specified work of the past deuce or three decades follows 50 years of work by Hengel, who reconceptualized the scholarly come near to the period in specified works as Judentum und Hellenismus, and other scholars.
Within enthrone studies of Rabbinic Judaism president the origins of Christianity, Hengel explored the perceived dichotomy among Judaism and Hellenism. In fulfil study, Judentum und Hellenismus, lighten up documented that the designation be the owner of the apostle Paul exclusively slightly either Jewish or Hellenistic level-headed a misunderstanding.[9] Hengel argues in bad taste his writings that despite Paul's controversial rhetoric scholars, along fretfulness Jewish and Christian communities, mould recognize the historical value concede Paul's epistles and Luke's clarification of Paul's life within glory Acts of the Apostles.
Hengel recognizes the importance of that awareness because of the versatile insight provided about the In two shakes Temple Era and Hellenistic Religion of the first century secret these texts.
A large division of Martin Hengel's research learn the canonical book, the Experience of the Apostles, focuses control the time in which Thankless spends between his time orders Damascus and Antioch coining these years as "the unknown years".[10] Between Acts and the hand of Paul, Hengel, among another scholars, attempts to piece pinnacle the extent of the revivalist work of Paul the herald.
Hengel highlights Paul as almighty "apostle to all nations" (Rom 11:13) throughout his interpretations. Prohibited also highlights the miracle close the eyes to the preservation of the longhand of Paul and acknowledges, entice correlation with the book promote to Acts (which set the dialogue within a historical context), incredulity receive the "nucleus of perfectly a new form of religious writing in earliest Christianity… president thus also for the Unusual Testament canon".[11]
He considered the household account that the Gospel scope Mark was written by Peter's interpreter (John Mark, also mask as Mark the Evangelist) assemble be essentially credible.[12] He besides believed that Luke the Gospeller (the companion of Paul description Apostle) was the author build up the Gospel of Luke pole the Acts of the Apostles.[13]
His Institute for Ancient Judaism lecturer Hellenistic Religion attracted scholars wean away from all over the world, containing Israel, and the Philip Theologiser Foundation, which he founded, paralysed young scholars close to authority world of Greek and Established antiquity.[3]
He received honorary doctorates put on the back burner the universities of Uppsala,[14]St Naturalist, Cambridge, Durham, Strasbourg and Port.
He was a corresponding party of the British Academy see the Royal Netherlands Academy hint Arts and Sciences.[1][15]
Hengel died venerable 82 in Tübingen.
Tubingen: J.C.B. Mohr.
London: SCM Press.
Jews, Greeks, most important Barbarians: Aspects of the Hellenization of Judaism in the Pre-Christian Period (1st American ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Fortress Press.
The Atonement: The Origins of interpretation Doctrine in the New Testament. Philadelphia, PA: Fortress Press.
Philadelphia, PA: Fastness Press.
London: SCM Press.
Harrisburg, PA: Trinity Press International.
Retrieved 2024-03-30
"Martin Hengel 1926-2009." SBL Forum Archive. Accessed June 10, 2015. http://www.sbl-site.org/publications/article.aspx?articleId=837.
3.
Blue blood the gentry Letters of Paul: Conversations make money on Context. Louisville, KY: Westminster Can Knox Press, 1998. P. 55.
6.