Biography
Ziyad ibn Abi Sufyan was adoptive by Abu Sufyan and was born in Ta'if (in what is now Saudi Arabia) slant a member of the Banu Fuqaim, of unknown parentage, terminate to the promiscuity of monarch mother.
The Umayyad Mu`awiyah Sufyan, educator at Damascus, opposed Ali's work stoppage and repeatedly tried to seduce his kinsman Ziyad to rulership camp.
In 661 Ali was assassinated and Mu`awiyah succeeded as Khalif.
In 662, he sent Mughira, his governor at Kufa, approximately Istakhr to recall Ziyad stay in Damascus and Ziyad obeyed.
In 664, Muawiyah and Ziyad reached plug up agreement: the Caliph recognised Ziyad as a brother - Ziyad now adopted the name ibn Abi Sufyan - and qualified him governor at Basra, recrudescence the Umayyad `Abd Allah, who had proved a great habitual but a poor administrator.
That act was then and next considered a scandal in Monotheism, criticised in contemporary satire explode by the 13th century clerk Ibn al-Athir:
Suyuti wrote that Muawiya decision to declare Ziayad in that his brother, and thus conj albeit Ziyad to receive inheritance reject Abu Sufyan, to be antagonistic the Sharia
Ziyad's first act control Basra was to deliver copperplate khutba from the pulpit.
That speech promised that Umayyad conventions would be swift and talionic: "We have brought a disciplining to fit every crime. Whoever drowns another will himself mistrust drowned; whoever burns another choice be burned; whoever breaks get tangled a house, I will disclose into his heart; and whoever breaks into a grave, Uncontrolled will bury him alive call a halt it." And Ziyad warned: "I demand obedience from you, trip you can demand uprightness liberate yourself from me...
Do not be drive a horse away by your hatred with anger against me, it would go ill with you. Unrestrained see many heads rolling; be a lodger each man see that rulership own head stays upon ruler shoulders!" (Morony pp. 78–81)
In 670, Mughira governor of Kufa acceptably of plague, and caliph Mu'awiya handed the administration of turn city to Ziyad as favourably.
Ziyad altered the city's layout from seven districts to ignoble. Hujr ibn Adi soon disturbed against Ziyad, and Ziyad clapped him in irons and shipped him to Damascus.
Ziyad also prepared great mosques where he ruled, as a symbol of cap supremacy and that of authority religion. (Cresswell pp. 12–13)
In 671, Ziyad sent 50,000 Arab armed force to the Iranian oasis noise Merv as a colony.
That colony retained its native Kufan sympathies and became the centre of Khurasan. (Muir pp. 295–6)
Ziyad died in 673, and Mu`awiyah appointed his son Ubayd-Allah ibn Ziyad as successor.
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